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Essential chronology

Ancient Greek and Roman chronology
Famous peopleYearImportant Events
776 B.C.First Olympiad
753 B.C.Founding of Rome
Death of Hipparchus514 B.C.Killed by Harmodios and Aristogeiton
509 B.C.Beginning of Roman Republic
494 B.C.Battle of Lade
490 B.C.Battle of Marathon
485 B.C.Gelon becomes tyrant of Syracuse
480 B.C.Battles of Thermopylae, Salamis
480 B.C.Battle of Himera
479 B.C.Battles of Plataea, Mycale
Death of Gelo I478 B.C.
471 B.C.Ostracism of Themistocles
469 B.C.Battles of Eurymedon
Death of Aristides468 B.C.
Death of Themistocles459 B.C.
Death of Cimon450 B.C.
431 B.C.Starting of the Peoloponnesian war
Death of Pericles429 B.C.
Death of Brasidas422 B.C.
421 B.C.Peace of Nicias
415 B.C.Start of the Athenian expedtion in Sicily
Death of Nicias413 B.C.End of the Athenian expedtion in Sicily
406 B.C.Battle of Ephesus/Notium
406 B.C.Battle of Arginusae
405 B.C.Battle of Aegospotami
405 B.C.Dionysius I is tyrant of Syracuse
404 B.C.Ending of the Peoloponnesian war
401 B.C.Battle of Cunaxa
Death of Socrates399 B.C.
398 B.C.Agesilaus II king of Sparta
396 B.C.Fall of Veii
Death of Lysander395 B.C.
394 B.C.Battle of Cnidus
388 B.C.Travel I of Plato in Sicily
378 B.C.Pelopidas frees Thebes
371 B.C.Battle of Leuctra
D. of Dionysius I of Syracuse367 B.C.Dionysius II is tyrant of Syracuse
366 B.C.Travel II of Plato in Sicily
366 B.C.Dion exiled from Syracuse
Death of Pelopidas364 B.C.
Death of Epaminondas362 B.C.Battle of Mantinea
361 B.C.Travel III of Plato in Sicily
Death of Agesilaus II360 B.C.
Death of Perdiccas III359 B.C.Philip II king of M.
357 B.C.Dion back to Syracuse
355 B.C.Apollocrates surrenders to Dion
Death of Timotheus354 B.C.
Death of Dion of Syracuse354 B.C.
Death of Plato348 B.C.
346 B.C.Dionysius II restored in Syracuse
343 B.C.Dionysius surrenders to Timoleon
D. of Dionysius II of Syracuse343 B.C.
339 B.C.Battle of the Crimissus
338 B.C.Battle of Chaeronea
Death of Timoleon of Corinth336 B.C.
Death of Philip II of Macedon336 B.C.Alexander king of M.
Death of Amyntas IV336 B.C.
334 B.C.Battle of the Granicus
333 B.C.Battle of Issus
331 B.C.Battle of Gaugamela
326 B.C.Battle of the Hydaspes River
Death of Alexander the Great323 B.C.
D. of Aristotle and Demosthenes322 B.C.
321 B.C.The Caudine Forks
321 B.C. Partition of Triparadisus
D. of Antipater319 B.C.Polyperchon regent of M.
D. of Phocion318 B.C.
D. of Philip III Arrhidaeus317 B.C.
Death of Alexander IV309 B.C.
305 B.C.Cassander king of M.
301 B.C. Battle of Ipsus
D.of Antigonus I Monophthalmus301 B.C.Demetrius I king of M.
Death of Cassander297 B.C.
D. of Demetrius I Poliorcetes
and Ptolemy I Soter I
283 B.C.Antigonus II king of M.
D. of Lysimachus281 B.C.
D. of Demetrius Phalereus280 B.C.
279 B.C.Battle of Asculum
279 B.C.Battle of Beneventum
Death of Pyrrhus of Epirus272 B.C.
264 B.C.Starting of the First Punic War
260 B.C.Battle of Mylae
241 B.C.Ending of the First Punic War
D. of Antigonus II Gonatas239 B.C.Demetrius II king of M.
D. of Demetrius II Aetolicus229 B.C.Antigonus III king of M.
D. of Seleucus III Soter223 B.C.
222 B.C.Battle of the Sellasia
222 B.C.Antiochus III becomes king
D. of Antigonus III Doson221 B.C.Philip V king of M
D. of Cleomenes III219 B.C.
219 B.C.Hannibal sieges Saguntum
218 B.C.Battle of the Trebia
217 B.C.Battle of Raphia
217 B.C.Battle of Lake Trasimene
216 B.C.Battle of Cannae
214 B.C.Start of Macedonian War I
212 B.C.Marcellus conquers Syracuse
D. of two Scipiones in Spain211 B.C.
209 B.C.Reconquest of Tarentum
D. of Marcus Claudius Marcellus208 B.C.
207 B.C.Battle of the Metaurus
205 B.C.End of Macedonian War I
D. of Quintus Fabius Maximus203 B.C.Verrucosus, then Cunctator
202 B.C.Battle of Zama
200 B.C.Start of Macedonian War II
197 B.C.Battle of Cynoscephalae
195 B.C.Consulship of Cato the Elder
196 B.C.Freedom of the Greek states
191 B.C.Battle of Thermopylae
190 B.C.Battle of Magnesia
184 B.C.Censorship of Cato the Elder
D. of Scipio Africanus183 B.C.
D. of Hannibal Barca183 B.C.
D. of Philip V of Macedon179 B.C.Perseus king of M
171 B.C. Battle of Callinicus
168 B.C.Battle of Pydna
155 B.C.Embassy of the 3 philosophers
Death of Cato the Elder149 B.C.
146 B.C.Destruction of Carthage and Corinth
133 B.C.Destruction of Numantia
Death of Tiberius Gracchus133 B.C.
Death of Scipio Aemilianus129 B.C.
Death of Gaius Gracchus121 B.C.
112 B.C.Jugurtha stats his war
107 B.C.Consulship I of Marius
105 B.C.Jugurtha handed to Sulla
104 B.C.Consulship II of Marius
103 B.C.Consulship III of Marius
102 B.C.Consulship IV of Marius
102 B.C.Battle of Aquae Sextiae
101 B.C.Consulship V of Marius
101 B.C.Battle of Vercellae
100 B.C.Consulship VI of Marius
091 B.C.Start of the social war
088 B.C.End of the social war
088 B.C.Sulla's march on Rome I
087 B.C.Consulship I of Cinna
086 B.C.Sulla's Sack of Athen
Death of G.Marius086 B.C.Consulship VII of Marius
085 B.C.Battle of Orchomenus
085 B.C.Consulship III of Cinna
Death of L.C. Cinna084 B.C.Consulship IV of Cinna
083 B.C.Sulla's march on Rome II
083 B.C.Consulship of Marius the Younger
Death of G. Marius the Younger082 B.C.Battle of Sacriporto
082 B.C.Battle of the Colline Gate
080 B.C.Quintus Sertorius starts his war
Death of C.Sulla078 B.C.
Death of Sertorius072 B.C.
Death of Spartacus071 B.C.
070 B.C.Prosecution of Cicero against Verres
Death of L.S. Catilina062 B.C.
058 B.C.Caesar starts the Gallic War
058 B.C.Cicero exiled
057 B.C.Cicero back to Rome
D. of Publius Clodius Pulcher052 B.C.
052 B.C.Battle of Alesia
049 B.C.J. Caesar crosses the Rubicon
Death of Pompeius Magnus048 B.C.Battle of Pharsalus
D. of M. P. Cato Uticensis046 B.C.Battle of Thapsus
045 B.C.Battle of Munda
Death of Julius Caesar044 B.C.Octavian heir of Caesar
043 B.C.Battle of Mutina
043 B.C.Second Triumvirate
Death of Cicero043 B.C.
Death of Brutus and Cassius042 B.C.Battle of Philippi
031 B.C.Battle of Actium
Death of Marcus Antonius030 B.C.
Death of Virgil019 B.C.
009 A.D.Battle of the Teutoburg
Death of Augustus014 A.D.
Death of Tiberius031 A.D.
Death of Caligula041 A.D.
Death of Claudius054 A.D.
Death of Nero068 A.D.
Deaths of Galba, Otho,
Vitellius
069 A.D.Battles of Bedriacum
Death of Vespasianus079 A.D.Eruption of Mount Vesuvius
Death of Titus081 A.D.
Death of Domitianus096 A.D.
Death of Nerva098 A.D.
Death of Trajan117 A.D.
Dedication of the Pantheon126 A.D.
Death of Hadrian138 A.D.
Death of Antoninus Pius161 A.D.
Death of Lucius Verus169 A.D.Co-emperor with M.Aurelius
Death of Marcus Aurelius180 A.D.
Death of Commodus192 A.D.
Death of Pertinax193 A.D.
Death of Didius Julianus193 A.D.
Death of Septimius Severus211 A.D.
Death of Geta211 A.D.Co-emperor with Caracalla
Death of Caracalla217 A.D.
Death of Macrinus218 A.D.
Death of Elagabalus222 A.D.
Death of Severus Alexander235 A.D.
Death of Maximinus Thrax238 A.D.
Death of Constantius I 306 A.D.Known as Constantius Chlorus
Death of Galerius311 A.D.
Death of Diocletian312 A.D.
313 A.D.Edict of Milan
325 A.D.First Council of Nicaea
330 A.D.Constantinople capital of the Empire
Death of Constantine the Great337 A.D.
Death of Constans I350 A.D.
Death of Constantius II361 A.D.
Death of Julian the Apostate363 A.D.
Death of Jovian364 A.D.
Death of Valentinian I375 A.D.
Death of Valens378 A.D.Battle of Hadrianopolis
Death of Theodosius I395 A.D.
410 A.D.First Sack of Rome
Death of Honorius423 A.D.
Death of Saint Augustine430 A.D.Bishop of Hippo
Death of Valentinian III455 A.D.
Death of Majorian461 A.D.
Death of Libius Severus465 A.D.
476 A.D.Romulus Augustulus abdicates
476 A.D.Odoacer king of Italy
Death of Odoacer493 A.D.Theoderic king of Italy
Death of Severinus Boëthius524 A.D.Condemned by Theodoric
Death of Theoderic the Great526 A.D.
529 A.D.Justinian I closes the Platonic Academy
546 A.D.Sack of Rome by the Ostrogoths
Death of Totila552 A.D.
Death of Teia553 A.D.
Death of Justinian I565 A.D.
Death of Belisarius565 A.D.
Death of Alboin572 A.D.He led Lombards in Italy
Death of Authari590 A.D.
Death of Phocas610 A.D.Got a column in Roman Forum
Death of Agilulf616 A.D.Arian then Catholic King
Death of Adaloald626 A.D.Catholic King
Death of Theodelinda628 A.D.Catholic, buried in S.Giovanni in Monza
Death of Arioald636 A.D.
Death of Rothari652 A.D.Codified Lombard law
Death of Rodoald653 A.D.Sun of Gundiperga
Death of Aripert I661 A.D.Chalcedonian Christian king
Death of Grimuald671 A.D.Arian King
Death of Perctarit688 A.D.Catholic King
Death of Cunincpert700 A.D.
Death of Aripert II712 A.D.
Death of Pepin of Herstal714 A.D.
732 A.D.Battle of Poitiers
Death of Charles Martel741 A.D.
Death of Liutprand744 A.D.
Death of Ratchis749 A.D.
Death of Aistulf756 A.D.Desiderius king of Lombards
Death of Pepin the Short768 A.D.
774 A.D.Charlemagne captures Pavia and Desiderius
778 A.D.Battle of Roncevaux Pass
800 A.D.Charlemagne crowned as Emperor
Death of Charlemagne814 A.D.
D. of Louis I the Pious840 A.D.
D. of Lothair I855 A.D.Louis II Roman Emperor
D. of Louis II875 A.D.Charles II Roman Emperor
D. of Charles II the Bald877 A.D.
D. of Charles III the Fat888 A.D.
D. of Otto I the Great973 A.D.
D. of Otto II the Red983 A.D.
D. of Otto III1002 A.D.
D. of Henry II1024 A.D.
D. of Conrad II the Elder1039 A.D.
D. of Henry III the Black1056 A.D.Henry IV Roman Emperor
1066 A.D.Battle of Hastings
1076 A.D.Henry IV Excommunicated
1077 A.D.Humiliation of Canossa
D. of Pope Gregory VII1085 A.D.
1095 A.D.Start of the Crusade I
1099 A.D.End of the Crusade I
D. of Peter Abelard1142 A.D.
1147 A.D.Start of the Crusade II
1149 A.D.End of the Crusade II
D. of Héloïse1164 A.D.
1155 A.D. Frederick Barbarossa Emperor
1176 A.D.Battle of Legnano
1189 A.D.Start of the Crusade III
D. of Frederick Barbarossa1190 A.D.
1192 A.D.End of the Crusade III
1202 A.D.Start of the Crusade IV
1204 A.D.Sack of Constantinople
1204 A.D.End of the Crusade IV
1209 A.D.Start of the Albigensian Crusade
1217 A.D.Start of the Crusade V
1221 A.D.End of the Crusade V
D. of Saint Francis of Assisi 1226 A.D.
1229 A.D.End of the Albigensian Crusade
Death of Frederick II1250 A.D.
Death of S. Clare of Assisi1253 A.D.
Death of S. Thomas Aquinas1274 A.D.
1277 A.D.Bishop Tempier's Condemnation
1282 A.D.Sicilian Vespers
D. of Pope Celestine V1296 A.D.
D. of Pope Boniface VIII1303 A.D.
Death of Henry VII1313 A.D."L'alto Arrigo"
D. of Pope Clement V1314 A.D.
Death of Dante Alighieri1321 A.D.
Death of Francesco Petrarca1374 A.D.
Death of Giovanni Boccaccio1375 A.D.
1453 A.D.Fall of Constantinople
1492 A.D.Fall of Granada